Manuscript Preparation

Technical Format and Software

All manuscripts must be submitted in Microsoft Word format (** .doc or .docx**) to facilitate an efficient initial peer-review and editing process. While the final production and typesetting for the International Journal of Business and Management Sciences are performed using LaTeX, we require Word submissions for the early stages of evaluation. Upon final acceptance, our technical team will handle the conversion of your manuscript into our proprietary LaTeX template. To ensure this transition is accurate and seamless, authors are expected to adhere strictly to the journal's formatting guidelines.

Text and Typography

For consistency and readability, manuscripts should be prepared in 12-point Times New Roman font, double-spaced throughout. Special attention must be paid to mathematical content; all equations and variables must be created using Microsoft Equation Editor or MathType. Authors must avoid inserting equations as non-editable images, as these cannot be successfully converted into LaTeX code. Furthermore, ensure that all Greek letters and mathematical symbols are inserted via the "Insert Symbol" function to maintain character encoding integrity during the technical conversion process.

Tables and Figures

Tables must be constructed using the Word Table Tool rather than using tabs or spaces for alignment. It is essential that tables consist of editable text rather than static images. Figures should be of high quality, with a minimum resolution of 300 dpi, and can be submitted as separate files (TIFF, JPEG, or EPS) or embedded clearly within the document. Every table and figure must include a descriptive caption and be cited sequentially within the main body of the text (e.g., "See Table 1").

Reference Standards

The journal utilizes the APA 7th Edition style for all citations and references. Authors must ensure strict consistency, verifying that every in-text citation has a corresponding entry in the final reference list. For the purposes of LaTeX bibliography generation, it is essential to include the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for all references where one is available.

Pre-Submission Checklist

Before uploading the final files, authors must verify that the manuscript is free of "Track Changes" or comments and that all mathematical formulas remain in an editable format. To maintain the double-blind review process, author affiliations, ORCIDs, and contact information must be submitted in a separate Title Page file. Authors should also confirm that the reference list is complete, and that all necessary declarations—including Conflict of Interest, Funding, and Data Availability statements—are included at the end of the manuscript. Finally, ensure all graphics are high-resolution and the text has been thoroughly proofread for language clarity.

Note to Authors

By submitting a manuscript, authors acknowledge that the journal’s production team will perform the final typesetting. Once the LaTeX conversion is complete, authors will receive a Galley Proof (PDF) to review for any layout or character errors. This is the final opportunity to ensure the technical conversion accurately reflects the academic content prior to official publication.